The Tenses, the Aspects, and the Voices of the English Language, Brown M., 2017

The Tenses, the Aspects, and the Voices of the English Language, Brown M., 2017.

Фрагмент из книги:
A ‘tense’ is a form of a verbal group that indicates either (1) the past time, (2) the present time, or (3) the future time. The verbal group always consists of (a) one main verb, often consists of (b) an auxiliary verb and (c) a participle or participles, and intermittently consists of (d) a modal verb. For the purpose of the visual aid, the past tense is highlighted in red and is represented by a red circle (i.e. ) the present tense is highlighted in yellow and is represented by a yellow circle (i.e. ) and the future tense is highlighted in greenand is represented by a green circle.




the Main Verbs.
The main verb is a verb that is not being used as either an auxiliary verb or a modal verb, e.g. ‘She loves him.’ (the word ‘loves’ is the main verb in this sentence that describes a state); ‘She does not love him.’ (‘does’ is the auxiliary verb that is used with the adverb ‘not’ to make a negative statement, and ‘love’ is the main verb that describes a state); ‘She does love him.’ (the word ‘does’ is the auxiliary verb that is used for emphasis, and ‘love’ is the main verb that describes a state); ‘Can she really love him?’ (‘can’ is the modal verb that adds a particular meaning to this sentence, and ‘love’ is the main verb that describes a state); ‘She may love him.’ (‘may’ is the modal verb that adds a particular meaning to this sentence, and ‘love’ is the main verb that describes a state); ‘She might have loved him.’ (the modal verb ‘might’ and the auxiliary verb ‘have’ express the possibility that something was true in the past, and ‘loved’ is the main verb that describe a state in the past), etc.

Content.
the Structure.
A the Tenses and the Aspects of the English Language.
В the Types of Verbs.
C the Main Verbs.
D the Dynamic Verbs, and the Static Verbs.
E the Auxiliary Verbs.
F the Modal Verbs.
G the Resultant Participle, the Passive Participle, and the Continuous Participle.
H the Active Voice, and the Passive Voice.
I the Infinitive.
the Past Tenses.
1 the Simple Timely Past Tense in the Active Voice (I did.).
2 the Compound Timely Past Tense in the Passive Voice (It was done.).
3 the Compound Resultant Past Tense in the Active Voice (I had done.).
4 the Compound Resultant Past Tense in the Passive Voice (It had been done.).
5 the Compound Resultant Continuous Past Tense in the Active Voice (I had been doing.).
6 the Compound Resultant Continuous Past Tense in the Passive Voice (It had been being done.).
7 the Compound Continuous Past Tense in the Active Voice (I was doing.).
8 the Compound Continuous Past Tense in the Passive Voice (It was being done.).
the Present Tenses.
9 the Simple Timely Present Tense in the Active Voice (I do.).
10 the Compound Timely Present Tense in the Passive Voice (It is done.).
11 the Compound Resultant Present Tense in the Active Voice (I have done.).
12 the Compound Resultant Present Tense in the Passive Voice (It has been done.).
13 the Compound Resultant Continuous Present Tense in the Active Voice (I have been doing.).
14 the Compound Resultant Continuous Present Tense in the Passive Voice (It has been being done.).
15 the Compound Continuous Present Tense in the Active Voice (I am doing.).
16 the Compound Continuous Present Tense in the Passive Voice (It is being done.).
the Future Tenses.
17 the Compound Timely Future Tense in the Active Voice (I will do.).
18 the Compound Timely Future Tense in the Passive Voice (It will be done.).
19 the Compound Resultant Future Tense in the Active Voice (I will have done.).
20 the Compound Resultant Future Tense in the Passive Voice (It will have been done.).
21 the Compound Resultant Continuous Future Tense in the Active Voice (I will have been doing.).
22 the Compound Resultant Continuous Future Tense in the Passive Voice (It will have been being done.).
23 the Compound Continuous Future Tense in the Active Voice (I will be doing.).
24 the Compound Continuous Future Tense in the Passive Voice (It will be being done.).
the Auxiliary Verbs.
J the Auxiliary Verb (1) 'have' ('has', and 'had').
К the Auxiliary Verb (2) 'be' ('am', 'is', 'are', 'was', and 'were').
L the Auxiliary Verb (3) 'do' ('does', and 'did').
the Modal Verbs.
M the Modal Verb (1) 'can'.
N the Modal Verb (2) 'could'.
0 the Modal Verb (3) 'may'.
P the Modal Verb (4) 'might'.
R the Modal Verb (5) 'will'.
Q the Modal Verb (6) 'would'.
S the Modal Verb (7) 'shall'.
T the Modal Verb (8) 'should'.
U the Modal Verb (9) 'must'.
the Appendix.
the List of the Irregular Verbs.



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