Теоретическая фонетика английского языка, Леонтьева С.Ф., 1988

Теоретическая фонетика английского языка, Леонтьева С.Ф., 1988.

   Основы теоретической фонетики изложены в учебнике кратко и в доступной форме. Вопросы к каждому разделу, упражнения, контрольные задания, ключ дают возможность овладеть материалом самостоятельно. Таблицы, схемы, рисунки обеспечивают наглядность учебного материала. В конце учебника дан словарь фонетических терминов. Учебник написан на английском языке.




ACOUSTIC ASPECT OP SPEECH SOUNDS.
Speech sounds have a number of physical properties, the firsf of them is frequency, i.e. the number of vibrations per second.

Tire vocal cords vibrate alone the whole of their length, producing fundamental frequency, and along the varying portions of their length, producing overtones, or harmonics. When the vibrations produced by the vocal cords are regular they produce the acoustic impression of voice or musical tone. When they are irregular noise is produced. When there is a combination of tone and noise, either noise or tone prevails. When tone prevails over noise sonorants are produced. When noise prevails over tone voiced consonants are produced.

The complex range of frequencies which make up the quality of a sound is known as the acoustic spectrum. Bands of energy which are characteristic of a particular sound are called the sound's formants..

Perception of the pitch of a speech sound depends upon the frequency of vibration of the vocal cords. Tire higher the pitch of vibrations, the higher the pitch level. A male voice may have an average pitch level of about 150 cps. and a female voice—a level of about 240 cps. The total range of a speaking voice varies from 80 to 350 cps. but the human ear perceives frequencies from 15 cps. to about 20,000 cps. The frequency of sound depends on certain physical properties of the vibrator, such as mass, length and tension.

CONTENTS.
I. THE SUBJECT-MATTER OF PHONETICS.
II. SOUNDS OF SPEECH AS ACOUSTIC AND ARTICULATORY UNITS.
III. FUNCTIONAL ASPECT OF SPEECH SOUNDS.
IV. ARTICULATORY TRANSITIONS OF VOWEL AND CONSO NANT PHONEMES.
V. ENGLISH PHONEMES IN WRITING.
VI. SYLLABLE.
VII. STRESS.
VIII. STRONG AND WEAK FORMS. UNSTRESSED VOCALISM.
IX. INTONATION.
X. RECEIVED AND GENERAL AMERICAN PRONUNCIATION.
Key to Exercises.
Glossary of Phonetic Terms.
Bibliography.



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Теги: учебник по английскому языку :: английский язык :: Леонтьева